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First Principles for Decisions

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When a problem feels messy, I usually benefit from reducing it to three parts: facts, constraints, and assumptions.

Facts

Facts are the things that are true whether I like them or not.

Constraints

Constraints define the real boundary of the problem: time, budget, skills, system limits, and business goals.

Assumptions

Assumptions are the dangerous part. They often look solid until I write them down and realize they are just habits or guesses.

A practical check

Before deciding, I want one small pause:

  1. What do I know?
  2. What must be true?
  3. What am I only assuming?

That tiny reset usually makes the next step clearer.